Chinese dumplings make me happy. There’s something subtly elegant about a good dumpling – a little package of delectable delight with a lovely combination of flavors wrapped up in one or two bites. I love that! There are many kinds of Chinese dumplings, but one of the most common is jiao zi. Every dumpling consists of a dough wrapper that encases some kind of filling – usually meat or vegetables or some combination of both. Jiao zi is different from won tons or soup dumplings (xiao lung bao) in that their dough casing (jiao zi pi) is made of different ingredients than the other two kinds of dumplings and it is also usually thicker and chewier in texture. Jiao zi is dvided into various categories depending on how they are cooked – boiled (shujiao), steamed (zhengjiao) or pan fried (guo tie – literally pot stickers). I’ve had a life long love affair with Chinese dumplings, but I’ve never really tackled making them. So I set to make my very first batch of pot stickers completely from scratch.
Of course I had a little instructional help with my dumpling making quest. I recalled long ago when I was just a tweener that my grandmother had spent an afternoon making won tons at home in San Francisco and I tried to recall all the steps I had observed. Even though she had made won tons, and I wanted to make jiao zi, the process is still the same. For convenience she had used store bought won ton skins, but I remember how she had taken the skins into the palm of her hand, filled it with a little bit of meat filling and then sealed it up tight so it wouldn’t fall apart during cooking. My grandmother passed away a few years ago, and it had been ages since I thought of this memory, but it was nice to think of my grandmother again standing in our kitchen methodically putting together dumplings to be eaten. This was useful observational learning, but I also consulted two Chinese cookbooks for further details about how to make the dough and what to put in my filling.
I have mentioned before that Eileen Yin Fei Lo has a fabulous book, Mastering the Art of Chinese Cooking and I definitely recommend trying her pot sticker recipe. For my purposes though I like looking at many sources for a recipe, so I also consulted my other Chinese cookbook Yan Kit’s Classic Chinese Cookbook. I really like this book for its recipes, but what stands out from the other books from my collection are the step by step photos of Chinese cooking techniques, such as the how to cut up different ingredients (vegetables and meats) and how to properly stir fry in a wok.
So after reading up on two different recipes for pot stickers I adapted them both into my own recipe below.
Pot Stickers (Guo Tie)
Makes about 60 Dumplings
INGREDIENTS FOR DOUGH
1 1/4 cup cold water
3 cups plain flour
INGREDIENTS FOR FILLING
19 ounces ground pork
2 cups green onion
1 tablespoon grated ginger
1 egg lightly beaten
3 table spoons hisao xing cooking wine
4 table spoons light soy sauce
1 teaspoon salt
4 table spoons sesame oil
3 tablespoons sugar
3 table spoons corn starch
3 dashes white pepper
NOTE: You can put whatever ingredients you want into your dumplings. From my own experience, usually there is some kind of ground meat combined with a vegetable and marinated with various ingredients. For this recipe I only had limited ingredients at home so I just stuck to a simple combination of ground pork with scallions.
Prepare the pork filling: First slice up the onions thinly and grate the ginger. Then in a large metal bowl combine all the ingredients listed above. Using a wooden spoon mix together all of the ingredients until it becomes cohesive. Cover the bowl and put it into the refrigerator for six hours or overnight so that it makes it easier to put inside the dumpling wrappers.
Prepare the pot sticker dough: In another large metal bowl put in the flour and make a well. Then gradually add all the water and combine it with the dough with a spoon and your fingers.
Using a large cutting board lightly flour the surface then knead the dough until it becomes smooth and pliable. The kneading should take about fifteen minutes.
Cover the dough with a damp cloth and let it rest in the refrigerator for about 1.5 hours.
When the dough and filling are ready, take them out and get ready to make the dumpling skin. Using a large cutting board lightly flour the surface again.
Break off a piece of dough and roll it into a long cylindrical roll that is about 1-2 inches in diameter and 10-12 inches long. Cut up this cylindrical roll into 1 inch pieces. Use a damp cloth to cover the bowl that has the remaining dough.
Take one of the 1 inch pieces and using a Chinese cleaver flatten it into the cutting board. Then take a rolling pin and flatten it out further till it becomes a 3 inch diameter circle.
Take the flattened dough circle into the palm of your hand and fill it with 1 tablespoon of pork filling in the center.
Fold the dough skin into a half moon shape and close it up tight with your finger tips.
Lightly dust a cookie sheet or maybe even some plates with flour and place your finished dumpling there while you make the rest.
Repeat the same steps again till all your dough and filling are used.
Prepare to Cook the Dumplings: When all your dumplings are finished turn on the stove to medium heat and in a 12 inch frying pan pour in some peanut oil. When the pan is hot add a batch of dumplings and let them cook for about 3 minutes.
After 3 minutes very carefully add 1/2 cup water to the pan. Be careful of the steam that will rise up immediately! Cover the pan and let the dumplings cook for another 7 minutes.
When all the water has evaporated remove the cover and lower the stove to low and let the dumplings cook for 2 more minutes. The undersides of your dumplings should be a nice golden brown.
Remove the dumplings from the pan and they are ready to eat! Repeat all the cooking steps until all batches of your dumplings have been cooked. Bon Appetite!
NOTE: You can eat your dumplings accompanied by various sauces. I like to eat mine with some hot siracha sauce, but you can also pair it with some soy sauce mixed with sesame oil or maybe some Chinese vinegar. It’s even more fun to lay out different sauce choices at the table and you can pick and choose among the various condiments.
NOTE: If you do not want to cook all your dumplings at once you can freeze the rest to be eaten later. I wrapped up half of my dumplings in tin foil. You can sprinkle some flour so that they don’t stick together.
First slice up the green onions, grate the ginger and lightly beat an egg to be combined with the pork filling.
Combine light soy sauce, hsiao xing cooking wine, sugar, sesame oil, white pepper and corn starch with the ground pork, grated ginger and the scallions.
This is what all the ingredients look like when they have been mixed together. Mix them until it becomes cohesive. Refrigerate the filling for six hours or overnight.
Make a well with the flour and slowly combine the water with the dough. I didn’t do a very good job of slowly adding the water, but next time I will!
Using a wooden spoon and my fingers I managed to combine the flour and water and made a rough dough ball that was ready to be kneaded.
Knead the dough for about 15 minutes until it becomes smooth. I discovered quickly that kneading is a lot harder than you think! My arms hurt!
This is the dough after it had been kneaded into submission! Then I covered this bowl with a damp cloth and put it in the refrigerator for 1.5 hours.
When my dough and filling were ready I laid out all I needed to make my dough skin.
Taking a piece of dough I rolled it into a long cylindrical shape about 1-2 inches in diameter and about 10-12 inches long.
I cut up the dough into even pieces and now I am ready to use each piece to make 1 dough wrapper.
Using the cleaver I flatten the dough out.
Then using the rolling pin I flatten out the dough further.
In the palm of my hand I add some filling to my wrapper.
I fold the skin in half and then I seal up the edges with my finger tips. I know there is another way to seal up pot stickers by folding the edges into a prettier way, but since this was my first time making dumplings I chose to make them the simplest way possible. I’m a dumpling making rookie after all!
After about 2 hours BK (my editor) and I had made all these dumplings! I must say it was rather labor intensive, which only further adds to my appreciation of this food!
This is what our dumplings looked like up close. They are not the most artful of dumplings, but as dumpling novices we thought we did okay.
BK and I had worked up an appetite so we were ready to eat our creations. I warmed up some peanut oil in a pan.
I let the dumplings cook for about 3 minutes. To make sure the oil was evenly distributed underneath I would shake the oil around.
After 3 minutes I added 1/2 cup of water. As you may know, adding water to a very hot pan is tricky, so stay out of the way of the steam and oil that comes up.
After adding the water immediately cover the pan and let the dumplings cook for about 7 minutes until all the water evaporates. After 7 minutes take the lid off then lower the heat and let the dumplings cook for 2 minutes more. Transfer the dumplings to a plate and they are ready to be eaten!
After many hours of prep and cooking the dumpling feast is ready to be consumed.